Combination gas and oil burner



Dec. 31, 1929. A. w. MORSE 1,741,532

COMBINATION GAS AND OIL BURNER Filed .nine 15. 192e Bf WMZ/#Maw A TMR/v5Y Patented Dec. 31, 1929 UNITED `STA ALBERT w. MORSE, or LONG ISLANDCITY, New YORK COMBINATION GAS Application filed .Tune 15,

This invention relates to improvements in fuel burners and moreparticularly to burners of the kind which are adapted to use eitherliquid fuel or gas and more especially to burners of the externallymixing, low pressure air type, viz burners in which the fuel and the airdo not meet until they are ejected from the burner.

A burner of this kind is illustrated in the Patent #1,406,238, issued toStevenson andl Bathgate, on Februarylll, 1922, and it is one of theobjects of the invention to provide a burner of this type with animproved gas nozzle which discharges the gas into the air issuing from'the burner in such a way as to` cause a better mixture than heretofore;another object is to `provide a wider as well as freer burning flame; afurther object is to use lower air pressureand obtainvan even greaterintensity of flame than that obtained with former constructions usingconsiderably higher air pressures; a stillfurther object is to enablethe gas burner to be operated on natural draft only with excellentresult, where alower temperature flame is desired. Other objects of theinvention will appear in the following specification in vwhich apreferred form of the fuel burner is described. The invention isillustrated by the aid of the accompanying drawings in which- Fig. 1 isa vertical longitudinal sectional view of the burner;

Fig. 2 is a transverse cross sectional view taken along the plane ofline 2-2 in Fig. A1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of the gasnozzle of the burner and its adjacent parts;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the nozzle; and

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 8, showing a modified construction ofthe nozzle.

Like characters of reference denote similar parts throughout the severalviews and the following specification.

Y 10 is a cylindrical casing of substantially L shape; its shorterbranch 11 is threaded interiorly to receive an air supply pipe 12. Theterminal of the longer branch 13 of casing 10 is threaded exteriorly at14. A tubular chamber 15 formed by wall 16 extends through the casing 10in axial alignment with AND OIL BURNER 1926. Serial No. 116,143.

its longer branch. Wall 16 connects the chamber 15 with the outer wallof the casing 10v opposite its shorter branch 11 and is threadedinteriorly for connection with a gas supply pipe 17.-

Casing 10 is bored out, adjacent to branch 11, to receive an oil spindle18. This oil spindle is of hollow construction, being provided with acentral duct 19, and extends through the tubular chamber 15 in centralalignment therewith. 2O is an enlarged outer end of spindle 18 threadedinternally toreceive a spray plug 21 of the usual design employed with.the low pressure, externally atomizing, oil burner. 22 isv a nozzle capscrewed onto the exterior of the wall 16 and contacts with the sprayplug 21, thereby forming a closure for the tubular chamber 15. Cap 22'isprovided with a central opening 23 and deflecting faces 24. 26 are 'anumber of drilled openings through cap 22. These openings are drilledradially i. e. their axes converge to a common center within the burnerand are, in other words, diverging outwardly from the axis of the burneroutlet, and vthey are further, preferably, arranged in two or morecircular rows and in staggered relation to `each other. 27 is a capadapted to screw onto the threaded end 14 of branch 13 of casing 10,which cap is provided with a central and circular opening 28 and withlugs 28 to facilitate screwing the same onto theV threaded part 14. s Y

29 is a reduced portion of foil burner spindle 18,' projecting outsideof the casing 10, and is threaded exteriorly to receive a needle valve30 of standard construction, a. spindle 31 of which controls a port 32through whichoil is admitted intoduct 19 of spindle 18, sup'- pliedthrough a pipe 38. In Fig. 5 is shown a nozzle cap 22 essentially of thesame construction as cap 22,r having a central opening 23, deflectingfaces 24, and radially disposed outlets 26. In addition thereto I haveprovided this capwith an annular projecting flange 25 around the extremeouter edge of faces 24 for the purpose specified hereafter. Y

' The operation of the device is as follows: Oil is admitted, as isusualwith oil burners of this class, through supply pipe 33 and needlevalve 30, whence it passes through duct 19 and through burner nozzle orspray plug 21 out at the Jfront end of the burner, where it mixes withair'under low pressure, forced into the casing 10 through pipe 12, whichpipe is of relatively large diameter necessary to supply sufficientoxygen for perfect combustion. This air is deflected by means of cap 22and more particularly faces 24 coacting with inner wall 27a of cap 27towards the spray of oil issuing from spray plug 21.

Should it be desired to change the fuel from oil to gas, the oil controlvalve 30 is closed and the gas supply valve (not shown) is opened. Gasthen passes through the pipe 17 into the chamber 15 whence it issuesthrough the openings 26 of cap 22, out at the front end of the burner.By means of the radially disposed outlets 26 of the nozzle cap 22, thegas is discharged into the air from the burner away from the center ofthe flame, which careful experiments have shown to result in a bettermixture and a larger and freer burning iiame. Owing to more rapidcombustion I obtain a higher intensity of flame than heretofore. By theuse of the modified construction shown in Fig. 5, the gas at its outletis protected from the velocity of the air and the resistance to the flowof gas is thus reduced, permitting the use of lower gas pressures, orhigher air pressures. Owing to the wide dispersion of the gas away fromits center, the gas burner may be operated on even natural draft only,where a flame of relatively low temperature is satisfactory, becauselittle pressure is needed to thoroughly mix with the gas jetsdivergingly discharged from the nozzle outlets 26. Particularly goodresults are obtained by increasing the number of circularly disposedoutlets and decreasing the size of each outlet for the obvious reasonthat in this manner the gas is broken up and its jets directed into theair from the burner in line streams to be still further broken upindividually very easily.

lIt is obvious that the oil and gas features of this burner are entirelyindependent of each other, and that the fuel can be instantly changedfrom oil to gas should such exigency occur.

'Should it be desirable to discharge an extraordinarily large volume ofgas, it will be noticed that by slightly unscrewing the central cap 22,opening 23 will serve as an auxiliary gas passage for that purpose.Moreover, the central opening 23 in the cap 22 may be omitted entirelyand the burner operated as a gas burner only, and if desired, the structure of the casing of the burner varied accordingly. Furthermore, whileI have shownand described the outlet ports to be radially disposed, I donot wish t-o limit myself to this particular arrangement, but anydisposition of ports which causesjets of gas to bedisprincipleorsacrifcingany of the advantages of the invention as defined in theappended Y claims.

What I claim as new, is:

1. In a fuel burner, a liquid fuel supply pipe extending through theburner, a gas chamber surrounding the said liquid fuel supply pipe, aspray nozzle at the terminal of the fuel supply pipe, a cap contactingwith and enclosing the said spray nozzle and serving as a closure to thesaid gas chamber having a number' of circularly disposed ports'havingtheir axes inclined to common centers, adapted to discharge divergingjets of gas-at the outlet end of the burner, and means, independent ofthe said liquid fuel supply pipe, to admit gas to the said chamber.

2. In a fuel burner, a liquid fuel supply pipe extending through theburner, a gas chamber surrounding the said liquid fuel supply pipe, aspray plug at the terminal of the liquid fuel supply pipe, an adjustablecap serving as a closure to the said gas chamber and contacting with.the said spray plug, the said adjustable cap being provided with acentral opening and a number of circularly disposed other openingshaving their' axes `inclined to common centers, the latter adapted todischarge gas in diverging jets at the outlet end of the burner, andmeans at the outlet end of the burner to deflect air against the saidjets of gas.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ALBERT I/V. MORSE.

